Laboratory-bred gemstone is to simulate the natural formation environment of natural gemstone in the laboratory by analyzing and mastering the chemical composition, physical characteristics and natural causes of the natural gemstone, so as to cultivate the gemstone with the composition and characteristics of natural gemstone. At present, the laboratory can be cultivated gemstones have diamond, red sapphire, emerald, real high quality nurturing gemstones because of the same chemical composition and physical properties with natural gemstones, color saturation, clarity can be comparable to the top quality of natural gemstones, so only by the naked eye can not distinguish with natural gemstones, only through the mass spectrometer and other large equipment identification.
Humans have been synthesizing precious stones in the laboratory for more than 100 years, such as diamonds and rubies. Although these products are consistent with natural gemstones in chemical composition and some physical properties (such as hardness and refractive index), most of the physical properties such as growth fringe, color saturation, clarity, dichroism, dispersion and so on are very different from natural gemstones, which can be distinguished by the naked eye. Therefore, this kind of products are mainly used in the industrial field, such as synthetic diamond is widely used in a variety of super hard grinding In the field of abrasives, synthetic red sapphire is used for industrial bearings, optical lenses and so on. From the appearance, this kind of synthetic gemstone does not really reach the gem quality of natural gemstone, just because the composition is the same, people are used to call it synthetic gemstone.
While nurturing gemstones must meet the condition that they are infinitely close to natural gemstones in terms of chemical composition and physical properties, that is, they cannot be distinguished by the naked eye or ordinary instruments only. Cultivation of gemstones requires much higher technological and equipment conditions than ordinary synthetic gemstones. For example, the cultivation time of a high-quality pink sapphire crystal in the laboratory is as long as 60 days, while the growth time of ordinary synthetic pink sapphire (flame melting process) is only 24 hours. There is also a huge difference in the quality of the finished products. High-quality pink sapphire with perfect crystal lattice, also known as titanium gems in industry, is the most important indispensable laser crystal for the production of high-power lasers and femtosecond lasers. The faceted gems cut and polished by it are completely comparable to the national treasure pink sapphire in Sri Lanka, while the powder sapphire synthesized by flame melting method is light in color and contains more impurities and bubbles, and the faceted gems produced by cutting and grinding are full of color Poor degree, low permeability, no fire color, sensory perception is just a colored stone, which does not conform to consumers' perception of the concept of gemstone.
